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Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the
chemical formula C8H10. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odor
and is commonly used as a solvent and in the production of various chemicals.
Here are some key details about xylene along with its CAS number:
- Chemical formula: C8H10
- Molecular weight: Approximately 106.17
g/mol
- CAS Number: 1330-20-7
- Appearance: Colorless liquid
- Odor: Sweet, aromatic odor
- Melting point: Approximately -47°C (-53°F)
- Boiling point: Approximately 138-144°C
(280-291°F)
- Density: Approximately 0.86 g/cm³
Xylene is primarily composed of three isomers: ortho-xylene (o-xylene), meta-xylene (m-xylene), and para-xylene (p-xylene), which differ in the arrangement of their methyl groups on the benzene ring.
Xylene is widely used in various industrial and commercial applications:
1. Solvent: Xylene is an excellent solvent for many organic compounds and is commonly used in paint, varnish, and coating formulations. It is also used as a solvent in the printing, rubber, and leather industries.
2. Chemical intermediate: Xylene is a precursor to numerous chemicals, including terephthalic acid (used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate or PET), dimethyl terephthalate (used in the production of polyester fibers and films), and phthalic anhydride (used in the production of plasticizers and resins).
3. Laboratory use: Xylene is used in laboratory settings as a clearing agent in histology and microscopy procedures to prepare tissue samples for examination under a microscope.
4. Fuel additive: Xylene is sometimes used as a gasoline additive to increase octane ratings, improve combustion, and reduce engine knocking.
5. Cleaning agent: Xylene is used as a cleaning agent for equipment and machinery in various industries due to its solvent properties.
While xylene is versatile and valuable in many applications, it is important to handle it with care due to its flammability and potential health hazards. Prolonged exposure to xylene vapors can cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes. Therefore, appropriate safety measures should be implemented when working with xylene.
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