Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a white, odorless,
and naturally occurring mineral with the chemical formula TiO2. It is commonly
used as a pigment in paints, coatings, plastics, cosmetics, and food products
due to its excellent opacity and brightness.
Here are the details of Titanium Dioxide along with its CAS number:
Chemical formula: TiO2
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number:
13463-67-7
Molecular weight: 79.87 g/mol
Density: 4.23 g/cm³ (at room temperature)
Melting point: 1,843 °C (3,349 °F; 2,116 K)
Boiling point: 2,972 °C (5,382 °F; 3,245 K)
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Titanium dioxide is composed of titanium and oxygen atoms and exists in several crystalline forms, with the most common being rutile and anatase. It is produced commercially through various methods, including the chloride process and the sulfate process.
Here are some common uses of Titanium Dioxide:
1. Paints and Coatings: Titanium dioxide is the most widely used white pigment in paints, coatings, and varnishes due to its high opacity, brightness, and UV resistance. It provides excellent hiding power and enhances the durability and weatherability of coatings.
2. Plastics: Titanium dioxide is used as a whitening agent and UV stabilizer in plastics, including PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. It improves the appearance and durability of plastic products and helps protect them from UV degradation.
3. Cosmetics: Titanium dioxide is used in cosmetics and personal care products, such as sunscreen lotions, makeup, and skincare products, as a whitening agent, opacifier, and UV filter. It provides sun protection and helps prevent skin damage from UV radiation.
4. Food and Pharmaceuticals: Titanium dioxide is used as a food additive (E number E171) in various food products, such as candies, confectionery, sauces, and coatings, to provide whiteness and opacity. It is also used in pharmaceutical tablets and capsules as a coloring agent and opacifier.
5. Printing Inks: Titanium dioxide is used in printing inks, especially for packaging materials and paper products, to improve print quality, opacity, and lightfastness.
6. Ceramics and Glass: Titanium dioxide is used in ceramics and glass manufacturing to improve opacity, whiteness, and strength of ceramic glazes, tiles, and glass products.
Titanium dioxide is valued for its versatility, stability, and non-toxicity, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in various industries. However, concerns have been raised about the potential health and environmental impacts of nano-sized titanium dioxide particles, especially in sunscreen products and food additives. Efforts are underway to develop safer and more sustainable alternatives to titanium dioxide in certain applications.
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