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Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a highly corrosive
mineral acid with wide industrial applications. It is a clear, colorless to
slightly yellow liquid at room temperature.
Here are the details of Sulfuric Acid along with its CAS number:
Chemical formula: H2SO4
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number:
7664-93-9
Molecular weight: 98.079 g/mol
Density: 1.84 g/cm³ (concentrated)
Melting point: 10.31 °C (50.56 °F; 283.46 K)
Boiling point: 337 °C (639 °F; 610 K)
Solubility in water: Highly soluble,
exothermic reaction
Sulfuric acid is composed of two hydrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms. It is one of the most important industrial chemicals and is produced in large quantities worldwide.
Here are some common uses of Sulfuric Acid:
1. Chemical Manufacturing: Sulfuric acid is used in the production of various chemicals, including fertilizers (such as ammonium sulfate and superphosphate), detergents, pigments, dyes, explosives, and pharmaceuticals.
2. Mineral Processing: Sulfuric acid is used in the mining and metallurgical industries for the extraction and purification of metals, including copper, zinc, nickel, uranium, and aluminum. It is used in processes such as ore leaching, metal refining, and electrolytic extraction.
3. Petroleum Refining: Sulfuric acid is used in the petroleum refining industry for the purification of crude oil and the production of gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products. It is used in processes such as alkylation, desulfurization, and dehydration.
4. Battery Manufacturing: Sulfuric acid is used in the production of lead-acid batteries for vehicles, industrial equipment, and backup power systems. It is used as an electrolyte in the battery to facilitate the chemical reactions that produce electrical energy.
5. Wastewater Treatment: Sulfuric acid is used in wastewater treatment processes to adjust pH levels, neutralize alkalinity, and remove heavy metals and other pollutants from industrial effluents.
6. Textile and Paper Industries: Sulfuric acid is used in the textile and paper industries for bleaching, desizing, and pH adjustment in various manufacturing processes.
Sulfuric acid is valued for its versatility and importance in various industrial processes. However, it is a highly corrosive substance and should be handled with extreme caution to prevent skin contact, eye irritation, and inhalation of fumes. Proper safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment and ventilation, should be followed when handling sulfuric acid.
If you need further information or have specific questions, feel free to ask!