Here
are the detailed properties and uses of ethyl acetate, which has the molecular
formula CH₃COOC₂H₅:
Chemical Information:
- Chemical Name: Ethyl Acetate
- CAS Number: 141-78-6
- Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O₂
(CH₃COOC₂H₅)
- Structure: An ester derived
from ethanol and acetic acid. It consists of an acetyl group (CH₃CO-)
connected to an ethoxy group (C₂H₅O-).
Physical Properties:
- Molecular Weight: 88.11 g/mol
- Appearance: Colorless liquid
- Odor: Sweet, fruity odor
- Density: 0.897 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Melting Point: -83.6°C
- Boiling Point: 77.1°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble
in water (8.3 g/100 mL at 20°C); fully miscible with organic solvents such
as ethanol, acetone, and benzene.
Chemical Properties:
- Reactivity: Ethyl acetate can
undergo hydrolysis in the presence of strong acids or bases, yielding
ethanol and acetic acid. It is relatively stable under normal conditions.
- Flammability: Highly
flammable liquid with a flash point of -4°C.
Uses:
- Solvent: Commonly used in
paints, coatings, adhesives, and inks due to its excellent solvent
properties and rapid evaporation rate.
- Chemical Intermediate:
Utilized in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals
and synthetic flavors.
- Extraction Solvent: Employed
in the extraction processes for different compounds in the food and
pharmaceutical industries.
- Laboratory Applications:
Frequently used as a solvent in chromatography and other laboratory
procedures.
Safety Information:
- Hazards: Ethyl acetate can
cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Inhalation of
high concentrations can lead to central nervous system depression, dizziness,
and headache.
- Handling: Should be handled
with proper protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and
protective clothing. Ensure good ventilation or use in a fume hood to
avoid inhalation of vapors.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry
place away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials like strong
acids or bases. Containers should be kept tightly closed to prevent
evaporation and contamination.
Environmental Impact:
- Biodegradability: Ethyl
acetate is readily biodegradable and does not persist in the environment.
- Ecotoxicity: It can be toxic
to aquatic life in high concentrations, so measures should be taken to
prevent its release into the environment.
Regulatory Information:
- OSHA PEL: 400 ppm (1400
mg/m³)
- ACGIH TLV: 400 ppm (1440
mg/m³)
Ethyl
acetate is widely used in various industrial and laboratory settings due to its
effectiveness as a solvent and its relatively low toxicity compared to other
organic solvents. Proper handling and storage are essential to ensure safety
and environmental protection.
If you need further information or have specific questions, feel free to ask!
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