Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is a chemical compound
composed of calcium and chlorine ions. Here are some details about calcium
chloride, including its Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number:
1. Chemical Structure: Calcium chloride is an ionic compound consisting of one calcium ion (Ca^2+) and two chloride ions (Cl^-) per formula unit (CaCl2). It is a salt that forms colorless, crystalline solid at room temperature.
2. CAS Number: The CAS number for calcium chloride is 10043-52-4.
3. Physical Properties:
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Appearance: Calcium chloride typically exists as a white or colorless solid.
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Solubility: It is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of approximately
74 grams per 100 milliliters of water at room temperature.
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Hygroscopicity: Calcium chloride is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture
from the air. This property makes it useful as a desiccant or drying agent.
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Melting and Boiling Points: Calcium chloride has a high melting point of about
772°C (1422°F) and boils at approximately 1600°C (2912°F).
4. Uses:
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Deicing Agent: Calcium chloride is commonly used as a deicing agent to melt ice
and snow on roads, highways, and sidewalks during winter months.
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Desiccant: Due to its hygroscopic nature, calcium chloride is employed as a
drying agent in various industrial processes, such as drying gases and
solvents.
- Food
Additive: It is used as a food additive (E509) for various purposes, including
as a firming agent, stabilizer, and sequestrant.
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Concrete Accelerator: Calcium chloride is added to concrete mixtures to
accelerate the setting and hardening process, particularly in cold weather
conditions.
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Refrigerant: In some applications, calcium chloride solutions are used as
brines for refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
5. Health and Safety:
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Calcium chloride is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance
with good manufacturing practices in food applications.
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Ingestion of large amounts of calcium chloride can cause gastrointestinal
irritation and may lead to vomiting and diarrhea.
- Eye
and skin contact with solid calcium chloride or concentrated solutions can
cause irritation or burns. Protective equipment should be worn when handling
it.
Overall, calcium chloride is a versatile compound with a wide range of industrial, commercial, and domestic applications due to its hygroscopic properties, deicing capabilities, and other unique characteristics.
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